Experimental Validation of a Modular Skid for Hydrogen Production in a Hybrid Microgrid

Gustavo Teodoro Bustamante, Jamil Haddad, Bruno Pinto Braga Guimaraes, Ronny Francis Ribeiro Junior (), Frederico de Oliveira Assuncao, Erik Leandro Bonaldi, Luiz Eduardo Borges-da-Silva, Fabio Monteiro Steiner, Jaime Jose de Oliveira Junior and Claudio Inacio de Almeida Costa
Additional contact information
Gustavo Teodoro Bustamante: R&D Department, Gnarus Institute, Itajuba 37500-052, MG, Brazil
Jamil Haddad: Office of Research and Graduate Studies (PRPPG), Federal University of Itajuba, Itajuba 37500-903, MG, Brazil
Bruno Pinto Braga Guimaraes: R&D Department, Gnarus Institute, Itajuba 37500-052, MG, Brazil
Ronny Francis Ribeiro Junior: R&D Department, Gnarus Institute, Itajuba 37500-052, MG, Brazil
Frederico de Oliveira Assuncao: PS Soluções, Itajubá 37502-485, MG, Brazil
Erik Leandro Bonaldi: PS Soluções, Itajubá 37502-485, MG, Brazil
Luiz Eduardo Borges-da-Silva: PS Soluções, Itajubá 37502-485, MG, Brazil
Fabio Monteiro Steiner: EDF Norte Fluminense, Macae 27910-970, RJ, Brazil
Jaime Jose de Oliveira Junior: EDF Norte Fluminense, Macae 27910-970, RJ, Brazil
Claudio Inacio de Almeida Costa: R&D Department, Gnarus Institute, Itajuba 37500-052, MG, Brazil

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 15, 1-21

Abstract: This article presents the development, integration, and experimental validation of a modular microgrid for sustainable hydrogen production, addressing global electricity demand and environmental challenges. The system was designed for initial validation in a thermoelectric power plant environment, with scalability to other applications. Centered on a six-compartment skid, it integrates photovoltaic generation, battery storage, and a liquefied petroleum gas generator to emulate typical cogeneration conditions, together with a high-purity proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. A supervisory control module ensures real-time monitoring and energy flow management, following international safety standards. The study also explores the incorporation of blockchain technology to certify the renewable origin of hydrogen, enhancing traceability and transparency in the green hydrogen market. The experimental results confirm the system’s technical feasibility, demonstrating stable hydrogen production, efficient energy management, and islanded-mode operation with preserved grid stability. These findings highlight the strategic role of hydrogen as an energy vector in the transition to a cleaner energy matrix and support the proposed architecture as a replicable model for industrial facilities seeking to combine hydrogen production with advanced microgrid technologies. Future work will address large-scale validation and performance optimization, including advanced energy management algorithms to ensure economic viability and sustainability in diverse industrial contexts.

Keywords: hydrogen production; modular microgrid; proton exchange membrane electrolyzer; blockchain certification; green hydrogen; experimental validation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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