Comparative Study of NOx and CO Formation During LPG Combustion in a Burner with Different Nozzles

Aigul Zhanuzakovna Amrenova, Abay Mukhamediyarovich Dostiyarov, Ayaulym Konusbekovna Yamanbekova, Dias Raybekovich Umyshev () and Zhanat Farkhatovna Ozhikenova
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Aigul Zhanuzakovna Amrenova: Department of Thermal Engineering, Institute of Energy and Green Technologies, Energo University After Gumarbek Daukeev, Baitursynuly Street 126/1, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
Abay Mukhamediyarovich Dostiyarov: Department of Thermal Engineering, Institute of Energy and Green Technologies, Energo University After Gumarbek Daukeev, Baitursynuly Street 126/1, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
Ayaulym Konusbekovna Yamanbekova: Department of Thermal Engineering, Institute of Energy and Green Technologies, Energo University After Gumarbek Daukeev, Baitursynuly Street 126/1, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
Dias Raybekovich Umyshev: Institute of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Named After A. Burkitbayev, Power Engineering Department, Satbayev University, Satbayev Str. 22, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
Zhanat Farkhatovna Ozhikenova: Department of Energy and Automation, Engineering Faculty, S. Yessenov Caspian University of Technologies and Engineering, 24 Microdistrict, Aktau 130000, Kazakhstan

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 18, 1-14

Abstract: Reducing the anthropogenic impact on the environment is an increasingly urgent challenge, particularly in the energy and heat generation sectors. This study presents the results of an experimental investigation into the combustion characteristics of four nozzle types in a burner system. The experiments focused on emissions of NOx and CO under varying equivalence ratios. This study presents an experimental investigation of combustion with one swirl-stabilized nozzle and two multihole plates under varying equivalence ratios (φ). The swirl-stabilized configuration produced the highest NOx, reaching 54.4 ppm at φ = 0.9, which we attribute to higher flame temperatures and longer effective residence. In contrast, the multihole plates—122 holes of 1.0 mm and 36 holes of 4.0 mm in a 100 mm insert—exhibited lower NOx and lower temperatures owing to more effective fuel–air mixing. CO showed a strong dependence on both geometry and φ; the lowest levels occurred near φ ≈ 0.9, consistent with optimal combustion. The findings underscore the importance of nozzle geometry and air–fuel ratio in optimizing combustion efficiency and minimizing harmful emissions, providing valuable insights for the development of low-emission combustion systems in modern energy applications.

Keywords: burner; multihole; combustion; NOx (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:18:p:4858-:d:1748224

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