Hybrid Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control and Universal Droop Control for Enhanced Power Sharing in Inverter-Based Microgrids

Devarapalli Vimala, Naresh Kumar Vemula, Bhamidi Lokeshgupta, Ramesh Devarapalli () and Łukasz Knypiński ()
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Devarapalli Vimala: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM University AP, Amaravati 522240, Andhra Pradesh, India
Naresh Kumar Vemula: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SRM University AP, Amaravati 522240, Andhra Pradesh, India
Bhamidi Lokeshgupta: Department of Electrical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj 211004, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ramesh Devarapalli: Department of Electrical/Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Indian Oil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar 751013, Odisha, India
Łukasz Knypiński: Faculty of Automatic Control, Robotic and Electrical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, Poland

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 19, 1-24

Abstract: This paper proposes a novel hybrid control strategy integrating a Finite Control Set Model Predictive Controller (FCS-MPC) with a universal droop controller (UDC) for effective load power sharing in inverter-fed microgrids. Traditional droop-based methods, though widely adopted for their simplicity and decentralized nature, suffer from limitations such as steady-state inaccuracies and poor transient response, particularly under mismatched impedance conditions. To overcome these drawbacks, the proposed scheme incorporates detailed modeling of inverter and source dynamics within the predictive controller to enhance accuracy, stability, and response speed. The UDC complements the predictive framework by ensuring coordination among inverters with different impedance characteristics. Simulation results under various load disturbances demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms conventional PI-based droop control in terms of voltage and frequency regulation, transient stability, and balanced power sharing. The performance is further validated through real-time simulations, affirming the scheme’s potential for practical deployment in dynamic microgrid environments.

Keywords: distributed generators; droop controller; finite control set model predictive controller; microgrid; universal droop controller (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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