Renewable Energy Storage in a Poly-Generative System Fuel Cell/Electrolyzer, Supporting Green Mobility in a Residential Building

Giuseppe De Lorenzo, Nicola Briguglio () and Antonio S. Vita
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Giuseppe De Lorenzo: Department of Mechanical, Energy and Management Engineering, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende (CS), 87036 Cosenza, Italy
Nicola Briguglio: CNR ITAE “Nicola Giordano”, Via Salita S. Lucia Sopra Contesse, 5, 98126 Messina, Italy
Antonio S. Vita: CNR ITAE “Nicola Giordano”, Via Salita S. Lucia Sopra Contesse, 5, 98126 Messina, Italy

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-19

Abstract: The European Commission, through the REPowerEU plan and the “Fit for 55” package, aims to reduce fossil fuel dependence and greenhouse gas emissions by promoting electric and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (EV-FCHEVs). The transition to this mobility model requires energy systems that are able to provide both electricity and hydrogen while reducing the reliance of residential buildings on the national grid. This study analyses a poly-generative (PG) system composed of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) fed by biomethane, a Photovoltaic (PV) system, and a Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyser (PEME), with electric vehicles used as dynamic storage units. The assessment is based on simulation tools developed for the main components and applied to four representative seasonal days in Rende (Italy), considering different daily travel ranges of a 30-vehicle fleet. Results show that the PG system provides about 27 kW of electricity, 14.6 kW of heat, and 3.11 kg of hydrogen in winter, spring, and autumn, and about 26 kW, 14 kW, and 3.11 kg in summer; it fully covers the building’s electrical demand in summer and hot water demand in all seasons. The integration of EV batteries reduces grid dependence, improves renewable self-consumption, and allows for the continuous and efficient operation of both the SOFC and PEME, demonstrating the potential of the proposed system to support the green transition.

Keywords: poly-generative system; SOFC system; PEM electrolyzer; PV system; electric vehicles; fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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