Investigation into the Multiphase Product Distribution and Evolution During Biomass Pyrolysis Using Wheat Straw and Pine Sawdust

Jishuo Li, Kaili Xu (), Xiwen Yao and Xingyu Luo
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Jishuo Li: School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Kaili Xu: School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Xiwen Yao: School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Xingyu Luo: School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 20, 1-22

Abstract: Understanding the formation mechanisms of three-phase products during biomass pyrolysis is essential for optimizing thermochemical conversion and enhancing the efficient utilization of renewable resources. In this study, wheat straw (WS) and pine sawdust (PS) were selected as representative feedstocks to investigate the thermal decomposition behavior and evolution characteristics of gas, liquid (tar), and solid (char) products during pyrolysis. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic modeling revealed that PS exhibited higher activation energy (75.44 kJ/mol) than WS (65.63 kJ/mol), indicating greater thermal resistance. Tar yield increased initially and then declined with temperature, peaking at 700 °C (37.79% for PS and 32.82% for WS), while the composition shifted from oxygenated compounds to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as temperature rose. FTIR analysis demonstrated that most functional group transformations in char occurred below 400 °C, with aromatic structures forming above 300 °C and stabilizing beyond 700 °C. Gas product evolution showed that WS produced higher CO and H 2 yields due to its composition, with CH 4 generated in relatively lower amounts. These findings provide insights into biomass pyrolysis mechanisms and offer a theoretical basis for targeted regulation of product distributions in bioenergy applications.

Keywords: biomass pyrolysis; thermogravimetric analysis; three-phase products; tar composition; biochar evolution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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