Study on Partial Discharge Characteristics of Mixed Metal Particles Under Combined Power Frequency and Switching Impulse Voltage

Jiyun Ren, Yongfu Ma, Quanlei Qu, Zile Wang, Yuang Wang, Lili Wang, Xutao Han () and Xiaojie Yang
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Jiyun Ren: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China
Yongfu Ma: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China
Quanlei Qu: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China
Zile Wang: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China
Yuang Wang: State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Lili Wang: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China
Xutao Han: State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Xiaojie Yang: State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Research Institute, Xining 810001, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-13

Abstract: Under operating conditions, metallic particle contaminants inside Gas-Insulated Switchgears (GIS) represent a major threat that can initiate partial discharges (PD) and lead to insulation failure. To investigate the discharge patterns under combined AC and switching impulse voltages, this paper presents an experimental study conducted in SF6 gas on wire-shaped, spherical, and Mixed Metal Particles. By synchronously analyzing PD time-domain waveforms, Phase-Resolved Partial Discharge (PRPD) patterns, and high-speed motion camera recordings, the correlation between particle motion behavior and discharge signals was systematically examined. The results indicate that wire particles exhibit a significant discharge initiation delay under the combined voltage; however, intense, discrete discharges with large magnitudes occur during their vertical jumping phase. In contrast, spherical particles can be activated within the first power frequency cycle without delay, but the subsequent discharge magnitudes are limited. The characteristics of hybrid particles lie between these two types, demonstrating a staged evolution described as “spherical particles lead initiation, wire particles dominate discharge.” Furthermore, under the sustained AC voltage, hybrid particles trigger a more dispersed and violent discharge process. These findings reveal the complex motion-discharge mechanism of Mixed Metal Particles, providing critical insights for fault mechanism analysis and insulation protection related to particle contamination in practical GIS equipment.

Keywords: AC-switching impulse superposition; partial discharge; motion characteristics; Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS); mixed metal particles (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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