A Compact Integrated Equalizer Based on Multi-Stacked Buck-Boost Converter for Large-Scale Energy Storage System

Yunchi Qiao, Xuejiao Pan, Miao Mou, Yanghang Ou, Zhenbo Wei, Xuxiang Li, Weiting Xu and Xinyuan Zhang ()
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Yunchi Qiao: State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Xuejiao Pan: State Grid Tianfu New Area Power Supply Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Miao Mou: State Grid Tianfu New Area Power Supply Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Yanghang Ou: State Grid Tianfu New Area Power Supply Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Zhenbo Wei: College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
Xuxiang Li: State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Weiting Xu: State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company, Chengdu 610000, China
Xinyuan Zhang: College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 21, 1-19

Abstract: Traditional symmetric voltage multiplier-based structures offer low current stress and high scalability. However, the equalization current flowing into each energy storage cell must overcome four diode voltage drops per switching cycle, significantly degrading energy transfer efficiency. A compact integrated equalizer based on multi-stacked buck-boost converters for large-scale energy storage systems is proposed. By replacing diodes with inductors, the design achieves high-efficiency cell balancing even at low cell voltages. The integrated design leverages the boost circuit’s inherent current ripple for driving the balancing system, eliminating extra switches and minimizing size and cost. Additionally, it provides independent balancing channels for each cell, eliminating equalization current superposition. This reduces cell current stress while enabling large-scale system balancing. Experimental validation on an eight-cell setup demonstrated successful balancing with 87.5% system efficiency.

Keywords: multi-stacked buck-boost converter; voltage equalization; large-scale energy storage system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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