A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Approaches for Anomaly Detection in Smart Homes: Experimental Analysis and Future Directions

Md Motiur Rahman, Deepti Gupta, Smriti Bhatt (), Shiva Shokouhmand and Miad Faezipour ()
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Md Motiur Rahman: School of Engineering Technology, Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Deepti Gupta: Subhani Department of Computer Information Systems, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Killeen, TX 76549, USA
Smriti Bhatt: Department of Computer & Information Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Shiva Shokouhmand: School of Engineering Technology, Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Miad Faezipour: School of Engineering Technology, Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA

Future Internet, 2024, vol. 16, issue 4, 1-20

Abstract: Detecting anomalies in human activities is increasingly crucial today, particularly in nuclear family settings, where there may not be constant monitoring of individuals’ health, especially the elderly, during critical periods. Early anomaly detection can prevent from attack scenarios and life-threatening situations. This task becomes notably more complex when multiple ambient sensors are deployed in homes with multiple residents, as opposed to single-resident environments. Additionally, the availability of datasets containing anomalies representing the full spectrum of abnormalities is limited. In our experimental study, we employed eight widely used machine learning and two deep learning classifiers to identify anomalies in human activities. We meticulously generated anomalies, considering all conceivable scenarios. Our findings reveal that the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) excels in accurately classifying normal and anomalous activities, while the naïve Bayes classifier demonstrates relatively poor performance among the ten classifiers considered. We conducted various experiments to assess the impact of different training–test splitting ratios, along with a five-fold cross-validation technique, on the performance. Notably, the GRU model consistently outperformed all other classifiers under both conditions. Furthermore, we offer insights into the computational costs associated with these classifiers, encompassing training and prediction phases. Extensive ablation experiments conducted in this study underscore that all these classifiers can effectively be deployed for anomaly detection in two-resident homes.

Keywords: anomaly detection; smart home; machine learning algorithms; deep learning (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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