Enhancement of Arsenic Trioxide-Mediated Changes in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (IPS)

Barbara Graham, Jacqueline Stevens, Phatia Wells, Jennifer Sims, Christian Rogers, Sophia S. Leggett, Stephen Ekunwe and Kenneth Ndebele
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Barbara Graham: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Target Validation, Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Jacqueline Stevens: RCMI Molecular Core Lab, Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Phatia Wells: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Target Validation, Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Jennifer Sims: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Target Validation, Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Christian Rogers: Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Sophia S. Leggett: Department of Behavioral and Environmental Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Stephen Ekunwe: Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Kenneth Ndebele: Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Target Validation, Department of Biology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA

IJERPH, 2014, vol. 11, issue 7, 1-13

Abstract: Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS) are an artificially derived type of pluripotent stem cell, showing many of the same characteristics as natural pluripotent stem cells. IPS are a hopeful therapeutic model; however there is a critical need to determine their response to environmental toxins. Effects of arsenic on cells have been studied extensively; however, its effect on IPS is yet to be elucidated. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and genotoxicity in many cells. Based on ATOs action in other cells, we hypothesize that it will induce alterations in morphology, inhibit cell viability and induce a genotoxic effect on IPS. Cells were treated for 24 hours with ATO (0–9 µg/mL). Cell morphology, viability and DNA damage were documented. Results indicated sufficient changes in morphology of cell colonies mainly in cell ability to maintain grouping and ability to remain adherent. Cell viability decreased in a dose dependent manner. There were significant increases in tail length and moment as well as destruction of intact DNA as concentration increased. Exposure to ATO resulted in a reproducible dose dependent sequence of events marked by changes in morphology, decrease of cell viability, and induction of genotoxicity in IPS.

Keywords: arsenic; induced pluripotent stem cells; genotoxicity (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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