Entropy-Based Optimization of 3D-Printed Microchannels for Efficient Heat Dissipation

Felipe Lozano-Steinmetz, Victor A. Martínez, Carlos A. Zambra and Diego A. Vasco ()
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Felipe Lozano-Steinmetz: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Santiago, USACH, Av. Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile
Victor A. Martínez: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Santiago, USACH, Av. Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile
Carlos A. Zambra: Department of Industrial Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, University of Talca, Camino a Los Niches km 1, Curicó 3640000, Chile
Diego A. Vasco: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Santiago, USACH, Av. Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-21

Abstract: Microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) have emerged as an alternative for dissipating high heat rates. However, manufacturing MCHSs can be expensive, so exploring low-cost additive manufacturing using 3D printing is warranted. Before fabrication, the entropy minimization method helps to optimize MCHSs, enhancing their cooling capacity while maintaining their power consumption. We employed this method through computational simulation of laminar water flow in rectangular microchannels ( μ C) and minichannels (mC), considering two heat fluxes (10 and 50 kW/m 2 ). The results showed that the frictional entropy is only appreciable in the smallest and largest channels. These computational results enabled the fabrication of the optimal μ C and mC, whose experimental implementation validated the computational findings. Moreover, we computationally studied the effect of using rGO-Ag water-based nanofluids as a coolant. In general, a reduction in total entropy generation was observed at a heat flux of 50 kW/m 2 . Although at lower heat flux (10 kW/m 2 ), mC was the best option. Channels with lower heights were more effective at higher heat fluxes (≥50 kW/m 2 ). Our findings offer a cost-effective strategy for fabricating high-performance cooling systems while also highlighting the interplay among heat flux, entropy generation, and nanofluid-enhanced cooling.

Keywords: microchannels; entropy generation; computational simulation; additive manufacturing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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