Enhancing Radial Distribution System Performance Through Optimal Allocation and Sizing of Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine Distribution Generation Units with Rüppell’s Fox Optimizer

Yacine Bouali () and Basem Alamri
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Yacine Bouali: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, P.O. Box 32, El-Alia, Algiers 16111, Algeria
Basem Alamri: Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-34

Abstract: Renewable energy sources are being progressively incorporated into modern power grids to increase sustainability, stability, and resilience. To ensure that residential, commercial, and industrial customers have a dependable and efficient power supply, the transmission system must deliver electricity to end-users via the distribution network. To improve the performance of the distribution system, this study employs distributed generator (DG) units and focuses on determining their optimal placement, sizing, and power factor. A novel metaheuristic algorithm, referred to as Rüppell’s fox optimizer (RFO), is proposed to address this optimization problem under various scenarios. In the first scenario, where the DG operates at unity power factor, it is modeled as a photovoltaic system. In the second and third scenarios, the DG is modeled as a wind turbine system with fixed and optimal power factors, respectively. The performance of the proposed RFO algorithm is benchmarked against five well-known metaheuristic techniques to validate its effectiveness and competitiveness. Simulations are conducted on the IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus radial distribution test systems to demonstrate the applicability and robustness of the proposed approach.

Keywords: Rüppell’s fox optimizer; distributed generation (DG); optimal size; optimal location; photovoltaic system; wind turbine system; radial distribution systems; power factor optimization; metaheuristic optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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