Optical Frequency Comb-Based Continuous-Variable Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme

Runsheng Peng, Yijun Wang (), Hang Zhang, Yun Mao and Ying Guo
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Runsheng Peng: School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Yijun Wang: School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Hang Zhang: School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Yun Mao: Provincial Key Laboratory of Informational Service for Rural Area of Southwestern Hunan, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
Ying Guo: School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 15, 1-14

Abstract: Quantum secret sharing (QSS) faces inherent limitations in scaling to multi-user networks due to excess noise introduced by highly asymmetric beam splitters (HABSs) in chain-structured topologies. To overcome this challenge, we propose an optical frequency comb-based continuous-variable QSS (OFC CV-QSS) scheme that establishes parallel frequency channels between users and the dealer via OFC-generated multi-wavelength carriers. By replacing the chain-structured links with dedicated frequency channels and integrating the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) with a decentralized architecture, our design eliminates excess noise from all users using HABS while providing mathematical- and physical-layer security. Simulation results demonstrate that the scheme achieves a more than 50% improvement in maximum transmission distance compared to chain-based QSS, with significantly slower performance degradation as users scale to 20. Numerical simulations confirm the feasibility of this theoretical framework for multi-user quantum networks, offering dual-layer confidentiality without compromising key rates.

Keywords: optical frequency comb; quantum secret sharing; continuous-variable; quantum communications (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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