Interactions and Soliton Dynamics for a (2+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Integrable Model Arising in Shallow Water

Ali Danladi, Aljethi Reem Abdullah, Ejaz Hussain () and Zhao Li
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Ali Danladi: Department of Mathematics, Federal University, Dutse 720101, Nigeria
Aljethi Reem Abdullah: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
Ejaz Hussain: Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
Zhao Li: College of Computer Science, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China

Mathematics, 2025, vol. 13, issue 21, 1-16

Abstract: In this study, we consider a (2+1)-dimensional integrable Boussinesq equation, where the Hirota method of positive logarithmic transformation is used to convert it into a bilinear form. We proceeded by employing different test functions, through which we obtained breather solutions, two-wave solutions, lump-periodic solutions, and new interaction solutions. The resulting soliton dynamics for the governing model are also derived using the enhanced modified extended tanh function method, where varieties of solutions, such as trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational forms, were obtained. The derived solutions may hold significant potential for explaining real-world physical phenomena in fields like mathematical physics, plasma physics, and nonlinear optics. The accuracy and reliability of the solutions were tested by substituting them back into the original equation using Python, highlighting the method’s robustness, precision, and reliability. By choosing appropriate physical parameters, we showcased the rich diversity and dynamic behavior of the obtained soliton structures. In other words, the graphical representations in 3D, contour, and 2D were provided for some of the obtained results. The modulation instability analysis and gain spectrum of the model are also provided. The importance of the obtained results in the area of (2+1)-dimensional integrable equation application was also highlighted.

Keywords: Hirota bilinear method; integrable model; nonlinear wave; breather waves; two-waves solutions; lump-periodic wave; enhanced modified extended tanh function method; soliton (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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