Mapping the Impact of Generative AI on Disinformation: Insights from a Scoping Review

Alexandre López-Borrull () and Carlos Lopezosa
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Alexandre López-Borrull: Estudis Ciències de la Informació i la Comunicació, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
Carlos Lopezosa: Faculty of Information and Audiovisual Media, Universitat de Barcelona, 08014 Barcelona, Spain

Publications, 2025, vol. 13, issue 3, 1-18

Abstract: This article presents a scoping review of the academic literature published between 2021 and 2024 on the intersection of generative artificial intelligence (AI) and disinformation. Drawing from 64 peer-reviewed studies, the review examines the current research landscape and identifies six key thematic areas: political disinformation and propaganda; scientific disinformation; fact-checking; journalism and the media; media literacy and education; and deepfakes. The findings reveal that generative AI plays a dual role: it enables the rapid creation and targeted dissemination of synthetic content but also offers new opportunities for detection, verification, and public education. Beyond summarizing research trends, this review highlights the broader societal and practical implications of generative AI in the context of information disorder. It outlines how AI tools are already reshaping journalism, challenging scientific communication, and transforming strategies for media literacy and fact-checking. The analysis also identifies key policy and governance challenges, particularly the need for coordinated responses from governments, platforms, educators, and civil society actors. By offering a structured overview of the field, the article enhances our understanding of how generative AI can both exacerbate and help mitigate disinformation, and proposes directions for research, regulation, and public engagement.

Keywords: disinformation; generative AI; ChatGPT; fact-checking; deepfakes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A2 D83 L82 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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