Emerging Contaminants in Coastal Landscape Park, South Baltic Sea Region: Year-Round Monitoring of Treated Wastewater Discharge into Czarna Wda River

Emilia Bączkowska, Katarzyna Jankowska, Wojciech Artichowicz, Sylwia Fudala-Ksiazek and Małgorzata Szopińska ()
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Emilia Bączkowska: Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Katarzyna Jankowska: Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Wojciech Artichowicz: Department of Geotechnical and Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Sylwia Fudala-Ksiazek: Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Małgorzata Szopińska: Department of Environmental Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland

Resources, 2025, vol. 14, issue 8, 1-23

Abstract: In response to the European Union’s revised Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive, which mandates enhanced monitoring and advanced treatment of micropollutants, this study was conducted. It took place within the Coastal Landscape Park (CLP), a Natura 2000 protected area in northern Poland. The focus was on the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Jastrzębia Góra, located in a region exposed to seasonal tourist pressure and discharging effluent into the Czarna Wda River. A total of 90 wastewater samples were collected during five monitoring campaigns (July, September 2021; February, May, July 2022) and analysed for 13 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionisation (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The monitoring included both untreated (UTWW) and treated wastewater (TWW) to assess the PPCP removal efficiency and persistence. The highest concentrations in the treated wastewater were observed for metoprolol (up to 472.9 ng/L), diclofenac (up to 3030 ng/L), trimethoprim (up to 603.6 ng/L) and carbamazepine (up to 2221 ng/L). A risk quotient (RQ) analysis identified diclofenac and LI-CBZ as priority substances for monitoring. Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed co-occurrence patterns and seasonal trends. The results underline the need for advanced treatment solutions and targeted monitoring, especially in sensitive coastal catchments with variable micropollutant presence.

Keywords: urban wastewater treatment directive; wastewater treatment; emerging contaminants; rural areas/sensitive environments; risk assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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