Traffic Flow Online Prediction Based on a Generative Adversarial Network with Multi-Source Data

Tuo Sun, Bo Sun, Zehao Jiang, Ruochen Hao and Jiemin Xie
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Tuo Sun: Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Bo Sun: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
Zehao Jiang: Department of Construction Management, School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Ruochen Hao: Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
Jiemin Xie: School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 21, 1-23

Abstract: Traffic prediction is essential for advanced traffic planning, design, management, and network sustainability. Current prediction methods are mostly offline, which fail to capture the real-time variation of traffic flows. This paper establishes a sustainable online generative adversarial network (GAN) by combining bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) and a convolutional neural network (CNN) as the generative model and discriminative model, respectively, to keep learning with continuous feedback. BiLSTM constantly generates temporal candidate flows based on valuable memory units, and CNN screens out the best spatial prediction by returning the feedback gradient to BiLSTM. Multi-dimensional indicators are selected to map the multi-view fusion local trend for accurate prediction. To balance computing efficiency and accuracy, different batch sizes are pre-tested and allocated to different lanes. The models are trained with rectified adaptive moment estimation (RAdam) by dividing the dataset into the training and testing sets with a rolling time-domain scheme. In comparison with the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), BiLSTM, generating adversarial network for traffic flow (GAN-TF), and generating adversarial network for non-signal traffic (GAN-NST), the proposed improved generating adversarial network for traffic flow (IGAN-TF) successfully generates more accurate and stable flows and performs better.

Keywords: traffic flow prediction; long short-term memory; convolutional neural network; improved generating adversarial network; rolling time domain; multi-dimensional indicators (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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