Water Stress Affects the Some Morpho-Physiological Traits of Twenty Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes under Field Condition

Nazeer Ali Panhwar, Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek, Gul Muhammad Baloch, Zahoor Ahmed Soomro, Mahboob Ali Sial, Erdona Demiraj, Sajjad Ali Panhwar, Ambreen Afzal and Altaf Hussain Lahori
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Nazeer Ali Panhwar: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70050, Pakistan
Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
Gul Muhammad Baloch: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70050, Pakistan
Zahoor Ahmed Soomro: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam 70050, Pakistan
Mahboob Ali Sial: Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam 70050, Pakistan
Erdona Demiraj: Department of Agro-Environment and Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Agriculture University of Tirana, 9302 Tirana, Albania
Sajjad Ali Panhwar: Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Ambreen Afzal: Department of Geography, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
Altaf Hussain Lahori: Department of Environmental Sciences, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan

Sustainability, 2021, vol. 13, issue 24, 1-15

Abstract: Water stress has become one of the foremost constraints to agricultural development, mostly in areas that are deficient in water. A field trial has been conducted to evaluate the performance of different twenty wheat genotypes under three stress treatments viz., control (T0) = normal watering, stress-1 (T1) = water stress from tillering up to maturity, and stress-2 (T2) = water stress from anthesis to maturity were used as treatments. The results revealed that a highly significant ( p < 0.01) difference was observed among twenty wheat cultivars for morpho-physiological traits except for several tillers plant −1 , spikeletspike −1 , and relative water content. In the early days, 50% flowering was noted in Anmole-91 (64.33 days) under (T0), while Anmol-91 showed a relative decrease (RD-1) (−2.34 days) at days 50% flowering in (T1). The TJ-83 genotype showed an early response (−8.34 day) at days to 50% flowering under stress-2 (T2), but TD-I (−3.34) was observed to be relatively tolerant. Underwater stress from tillering to maturity (T1) SKD-1 was found more susceptible (−36.7 days) than other cultivars. Wheat cultivar Soghat-90 showed maximum RD-1 (−24.7) for grain yield plant −1 in stress-1 (T1) from tillering to maturity. Anmole-91, NIA-Sarang, and TD-I observed minimum was (−6) in the same water stress for various traits. Therefore, the findings of present work revealed that the best performing genotypes can be recommended for effective cultivation in future breeding programs.

Keywords: water stress; tillering; flowering; anthesis; maturity; wheat genotypes (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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