Characterisation of Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolated from Agricultural Soil in Central Lithuania

Arman Shamshitov (), Francesca Decorosi, Carlo Viti, Flavio Fornasier, Gražina Kadžienė () and Skaidrė Supronienė
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Arman Shamshitov: Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania
Francesca Decorosi: Genexpress Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Food, Environmental and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 14, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Carlo Viti: Genexpress Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Food, Environmental and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Via Della Lastruccia 14, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
Flavio Fornasier: Research Center for Viticulture and Oenology (CREA-VE), I-31015 Conegliano, Italy
Gražina Kadžienė: Department of Soil and Crop Management, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania
Skaidrė Supronienė: Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania

Sustainability, 2022, vol. 15, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Characterisation and evaluation of soil bacteria were conducted in order to select the most potent strains that participate in the degradation of cellulose in unique agroecosystem and climatic conditions. Cellulolytic activity of soil bacteria was estimated using qualitative assays such as growth on selective media followed by screening with Congo red, Gram’s iodine solution, confirmation test on Congo red agar, determination of enzyme production, and sugar utilisation pattern. A total of 159 soil cellulolytic bacterial strains were selected based on shape, size, and colony characteristics. According to the results of all three screening assays, sixty-four, thirty-eight and fifty-one isolates were able to degrade at some level of cellulose, respectively. Partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of 64 bacterial strains obtained using sequences retrieved from the databases indicated the presence of cellulolytic bacteria represented by members of the phyla Actinobacteria (48.44%), followed by Firmicutes (32.81%), Proteobacteria (15.62%) and Bacteroidetes (3.13%). Determination of enzyme production showed that fifteen strains possess endoglucanases activity which ranged from 9.09 to 942.41 nanomoles of MUF (4-methylumbelliferone) mL. Likewise, β-glucosidase enzyme activity was determined in 23.4 % of all isolates. The sugar utilisation pattern of soil bacterial strains displayed the different capabilities of growth and utilisation on various carbon sources, which occur in lignocellulosic materials (cellulose, starch) or their hydrolysates (glucose, galactose, fructose, cellobiose, maltose, lactose, sucrose, trehalose).

Keywords: crop residue; cellulolytic bacteria; cellulase production; 16S rRNA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022
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