Chemical Treatment of Banana Blossom Peels Adsorbent as New Approach for Manganese Removal: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies

Nurul Nadia Rudi, Najeeha Mohd Apandi (), Mimi Suliza Muhamad (), Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar (), Affah Mohd Apandi, Lee Te Chuan, Ramathasan Nagarajah and Suhair Omar
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Nurul Nadia Rudi: KH Tekjaya Sdn. Bhd. 46, Jalan Servis, Georgetown 10050, Malaysia
Najeeha Mohd Apandi: Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Muar 84600, Malaysia
Mimi Suliza Muhamad: Sustainable Engineering Technology Research Centre (SETechRC), Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Muar 84600, Malaysia
Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar: Research Centre for Soft Soil (RECESS), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia
Affah Mohd Apandi: Department of English Language and Linguistics, Centre for Language Studies, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia
Lee Te Chuan: Department of Production and Operation Management, Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia
Ramathasan Nagarajah: Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Muar 84600, Malaysia
Suhair Omar: Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Muar 84600, Malaysia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 13, 1-19

Abstract: This research aimed to investigate the potential of chemically modified banana blossom peels (BBP) as an adsorbent for removing manganese (Mn) from water. Zeta potential, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) were used to characterise the BBP adsorbent. Batch adsorption studies were used to assess the effects of the solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial manganese concentration, and contact time of the adsorption process. Zeta potential of BBP with a value of −9.87 to −21.1 mV and FESEM analysis revealed deeper dents and rough internal surfaces conducive to Mn deposition, whereas EDX analysis revealed the presence of C, O, and Na elements (before adsorption); C, O, and Mn (after adsorption). The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic, and amino groups, which are responsible for the adsorption process, was discovered using FTIR analysis. Furthermore, XRD analysis revealed that the BBP adsorbent structure is amorphous. The BBP adsorbent has a BET surface area of 2.12 m 2 /g, a total pore volume of 0.0139 cm 3 /g, and an average pore diameter of 64.35 nm. The BBP adsorbent demonstrated remarkable results of 98% Mn removal under the optimum pH 7, 0.5 g (adsorbent dosage), and 10 mg/L of Mn initial concentration in 150 min of contact time. The linear Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models best fit the adsorption isotherm data with the R 2 > 0.98. In contrast, the adsorption process occurs as a function of the chemisorption as determined by linear pseudo-second-order kinetics. Using 0.1 M HCI, the maximal desorption rate of Mn was 92% in the first cycle, with a recovery rate of 94.18% Mn removal in 30 min. These findings support the use of BBP as a natural adsorbent for Mn removal as a treatment option for improving wastewater quality.

Keywords: banana blossom peels; manganese; adsorption isotherm; kinetic study; desorption (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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