Effects of Biochar and Apatite on Chemical Forms of Lead and Zinc in Multi-Metal-Contaminated Soil after Incubation: A Comparison of Peanut Shell and Corn Cob Biochar

Truong Xuan Vuong (), Thi Thu Ha Pham, Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen and Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham ()
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Truong Xuan Vuong: Faculty of Chemistry, TNU-University of Science, Tan Thinh Ward, Thai Nguyen City 24000, Vietnam
Thi Thu Ha Pham: Faculty of Chemistry, TNU-University of Science, Tan Thinh Ward, Thai Nguyen City 24000, Vietnam
Thi Thu Thuy Nguyen: Faculty of Chemistry, TNU-University of Science, Tan Thinh Ward, Thai Nguyen City 24000, Vietnam
Dung Thuy Nguyen Pham: NTT Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 15, 1-23

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in soils caused by mining activities is a severe issue worldwide. It is necessary to find a suitable approach to mitigate heavy metal-contaminated soil. Yet little is known about how soil amendments affect the chemical forms of heavy metals. Biochar produced from peanut shells (PSB300) and corn cob (CCB300) at 300 °C, and apatite (AP) were applied at various ratios to investigate their ability to adsorb lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in contaminated soil. The Pb and Zn’s chemical fractions were analyzed utilizing Tessier’s sequential extraction procedure and quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The one-month amendment incubation of biochar and AP could significantly diminish Pb and Zn’s exchangeable fractions, and CCB300 showed a slightly better effect on declining the exchangeable fractions of Pb and Zn than PSB300, which might be attributed to the higher values of OC and EC of CCB300 than those of PSB300. Moreover, the amendments could also transform the exchangeable fractions of Pb and Zn into stable fractions, resulting in immobility in natural conditions. Thus, PSB300 and CCB300 and the mixture of biochar/apatite could be hopeful amendments for immobilizing heavy metals in heavy metal multi-metal-contaminated field soil.

Keywords: heavy metal; remediation; chemical fractionation; adsorption; soil amendment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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