A Review of Rubberised Asphalt for Flexible Pavement Applications: Production, Content, Performance, Motivations and Future Directions

Munder Bilema (), Choon Wah Yuen, Mohammad Alharthai, Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar, Abdulnaser Al-Sabaeei and Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
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Munder Bilema: Centre for Transportation Research, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Choon Wah Yuen: Centre for Transportation Research, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Mohammad Alharthai: Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar: Building and Construction Engineering Department, Engineering Technical College of Mosul, Northern Technical University, Mosul 41002, Iraq
Abdulnaser Al-Sabaeei: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Bandar Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
Nur Izzi Md Yusoff: Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 19, 1-24

Abstract: The crumb rubber (CR) recycled from waste tyres could be a viable alternative in achieving green pavements that offer exciting new markets to global investors. Adding CR into flexible pavements enhances their performance and ensures environmental sustainability. This paper will discuss the production variables, CR sizes and contents, blending techniques, optimum bitumen contents, morphology, standard characteristics, rheological characteristics, mechanical performance, greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost. This review study found that compared to traditional asphalt mixtures, the CR-modified asphalts had superior performance and longer service life. However, the dearth of information on several factors in CR asphalt production, including greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and life cycle cost during recycling, causes many agencies in the global asphalt industry to continue employing costly, energy-consuming additives such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) instead of CR to enhance asphalt.

Keywords: crumb rubber (CR); characteristics; mechanical performance; greenhouse gas emissions; energy consumption; life cycle cost (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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