Biosorption of Engine Oil Using Rice Husk in a Filtration System

Irfan Hafeez Aminuddin, Siti Hajar Taufik, Nurul Aini Puasa, Syahirah Batrisyia Mohamed Radziff, Nur Diyanah Zamree, Noor Azmi Shaharudddin, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Muhammad Fahdli Rahman, Alyza Azzura Azmi () and Siti Aqlima Ahmad ()
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Irfan Hafeez Aminuddin: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Siti Hajar Taufik: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurul Aini Puasa: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Syahirah Batrisyia Mohamed Radziff: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Nur Diyanah Zamree: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Noor Azmi Shaharudddin: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah: Material Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Muhammad Fahdli Rahman: Merbau Agrotechnology (M) Sdn. Bhd., JA2391, Jalan Sungai Renggi 2, Kampung Sungai Renggi, Merlimau 77300, Melaka, Malaysia
Alyza Azzura Azmi: Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
Siti Aqlima Ahmad: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 19, 1-16

Abstract: Owing to its excellent qualities as a natural sorbent, rice husk (RH), a significant agricultural waste product obtained from the milling process, is employed as a biosorbent for engine oil. Engine oil spillages in rivers will flow to the ocean, exposing marine life to deadly contaminants. To date, there are very few natural sorbent studies specifically targeting engine oil removal. The purpose of this study was to optimise the significant factors in the efficiency of engine oil sorption by RH. Spectroscopic analyses using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to characterise the chemical composition and surface morphology of RH sorbent after pre- and post-treatment. A conventional optimisation approach, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), was used to assess the range of factors affecting the efficiency of engine oil sorption through heat treatment, heating time, packing density, and concentration of engine oil. The efficiency of engine oil removal obtained from this method was 74.5%. All the factors were assessed using a Plackett–Burman design (PBD) to eliminate non-significant factors. Furthermore, a central composite design (CCD) was employed to explore significant interactions among the factors. The quadratic model generated (R 2 = 0.9723) fitted the data well. The optimised conditions from the CCD were 160 °C, 20 min, 0.16 g/cm 3 , and 12.5% ( v / v ), with improved oil sorption from 74.5% (OFAT) to 78.89% (RSM).

Keywords: biosorption; agriculture waste; hydrocarbon (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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