A Review of Strategies to Enhance the Water Resistance of Green Wood Adhesives Produced from Sustainable Protein Sources

Olatunji V. Oni, Michael A. Lawrence, Mark E. Zappi and William M. Chirdon ()
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Olatunji V. Oni: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
Michael A. Lawrence: Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
Mark E. Zappi: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
William M. Chirdon: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 20, 1-21

Abstract: The health risks associated with formaldehyde have propelled relevant stakeholders to push for the production of non-toxic wood adhesives. Several countries including the USA, Japan, and Germany have implemented policies mandating manufacturers to reduce the emissions of formaldehyde to lower levels. Protein adhesives stand out due to their sustainability, renewable sources, and biodegradability. However, they are limited by poor wet strength and water resistance, which affect their wide acceptability in the marketplace. Researchers have developed multiple strategies to mitigate these issues to advance protein adhesives so they may compete more favorably with their petroleum-based counterparts. This review paper explores these strategies including cross-linking, modified fillers, and the removal of hydrophilic content while providing insights into the methodological approaches utilized in recent literature with a comparison of the resultant protein adhesives.

Keywords: formaldehyde; wood adhesives; protein adhesives; soybean; water resistance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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