Utilization of Spent Coffee Grounds as a Feed Additive for Enhancing the Nutritional Value of Tenebrio molitor Larvae

Konstantina Kotsou, Theodoros Chatzimitakos, Vassilis Athanasiadis, Eleni Bozinou, Christos G. Athanassiou and Stavros I. Lalas ()
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Konstantina Kotsou: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Theodoros Chatzimitakos: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Vassilis Athanasiadis: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Eleni Bozinou: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Christos G. Athanassiou: Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446 Volos, Greece
Stavros I. Lalas: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Terma N. Temponera Str., 43100 Karditsa, Greece

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 23, 1-16

Abstract: Increasing demand for sustainable protein sources has spurred interest in the exploration of alternative protein sources with a reduced environmental impact. This study investigates the use of spent coffee grounds (SCG), a widely available by-product, as a feed additive for Tenebrio molitor larvae, aiming to contribute to the circular economy and enhance the nutritional quality of the insects. The larvae were fed with a mixture of bran (the conventional feed) and SCGs (10 and 25% w / w ). Larval viability, growth, and nutritional composition, including protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash, carotenoids, vitamins A and C, and polyphenols, were evaluated. Increasing the proportion of SCGs in the larvae’s feed led to an enhanced nutritional value of the larvae. In particular, crude protein increased by 45.26%, vitamin C showed an increase of 81.28%, and vitamin A showed an increase of 822.79%, while polyphenol content increased by 29.01%. In addition, the oil extracted from these larvae showed enhanced nutritional value and greater resistance to oxidation. The results highlight the promising use of SCGs as a feed additive for T. molitor larvae, offering a sustainable approach to enhance their nutritional value. Delving deeper into the results, the addition of 10% SCGs resulted in a 45.26% increase in crude protein compared to the SCG0 sample. Concurrently, increasing SCGs in the dietary substrate led to an increase in vitamin content; in sample SCG25, vitamin C content increased by 81.28% while vitamin A content increased by 822.79% compared to the control sample. Moreover, there was a large increase in polyphenol content with the SCG25 sample showing the highest value, which was a 29.01% increase over the control sample.

Keywords: carotenoids; coffee by-products; edible insects; fat; fatty acids; proteins; proximate composition; vitamin A; vitamin C; yellow mealworm larvae (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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