Interface Optimization of Cu 2 S Nanoparticles by Loading N-Doped Carbon for Efficient Sodium-Ion Storage

Jinhui Wang, Xue Chen, Yang Wang, Guiying Tian () and Zijian Zhao ()
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Jinhui Wang: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 13th Avenue 29, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
Xue Chen: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 13th Avenue 29, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
Yang Wang: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 13th Avenue 29, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
Guiying Tian: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 13th Avenue 29, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China
Zijian Zhao: Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brine Chemical Engineering and Resource Eco-Utilization, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 13th Avenue 29, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, China

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 24, 1-12

Abstract: Rapid capacity fading and sluggish diffusion kinetics resulting from crystal conversion/powder pulverization hinder practical energy storage application of conversion-type electrodes. To address this issue, we prepared a Cu 2 S/polyelectrolyte/graphene composite (denoted as Cu 2 S/PG) through interfacial optimization by incorporating a polyelectrolyte to enhance the connection between Cu 2 S powders and N-doped graphene. In comparison to CuS and Cu 2 S, the electrochemical performance of Cu 2 S/PG was significantly improved by nanocrystallization and carbon-coating, which delivers a capacity of 317 mAh g –1 at 0.1 A g –1 after 200 cycles. Moreover, we performed real-time analysis of the phase conversion and resistance evolution of the Cu 2 S/PG electrode during Na + insertion/desertion using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) and in operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Thus, the formation of the intermediate phase (Na 2 S 2 ) was firstly discovered, which finally converts to Na 2 S by the end of the sodiation process. In sum, the N-doped carbon/graphene wrapping acts as a protective barrier against electrolyte side reactions, thereby effectively improving the cyclability of the conversion-type Cu 2 S electrodes.

Keywords: conversion anode; sodium-ion batteries; in situ X-ray diffraction; N-doped carbon compositing (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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