Molecular Identification of Endophytic Bacteria from Silybum marianum and Their Effect on Brassica napus Growth under Heavy Metal Stress

Yasir Anwar (), Sajjad Ullah Khan, Ihsan Ullah, Hassan A. Hemeg, Rahma Ashamrani, Nadiah Al-sulami, Ezzudin Ghazi Alniami, Mohammed Hashem Alqethami and Abrar Ullah
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Yasir Anwar: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Sajjad Ullah Khan: Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
Ihsan Ullah: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Hassan A. Hemeg: Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, P.O. Box 344, Al Madinah Al Monawara 41411, Saudi Arabia
Rahma Ashamrani: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Nadiah Al-sulami: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Ezzudin Ghazi Alniami: Ministry of Health, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, KSA, Jeddah 22421, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Hashem Alqethami: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Abrar Ullah: Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-13

Abstract: Silybum marianum has been used for a variety of purposes all over the world. This plant is used to treat cancer, liver disease, and inflammation. Eleven endophytic bacteria were isolated from S. marianum collected from heavy metal polluted sites and identified using 16s rRNA sequencing in the current investigation. Three isolates stood out for having many features, including heavy metal resistance, plant growth stimulation, plant hormones, heavy metal toxicity remediation, and antibacterial action. SJLC (6.06 µg/L) and SJRB (5.98 µg/L) were the greatest producers of IAA among the isolates and were identified as Bacillus sp. and Lysinibacillus sp., respectively. Root and shoot length have improved as a result of IAA production. The SJLC was found to be effective against four of the pathogens tested. The strain SJLC showed the most activity against Bacillus cereus with a 20 mm zone of inhibition, followed by the isolate SJRB, which showed a 16 mm zone of inhibition against B. cereus . The same isolates also show inhibition against X. campestris . Almost majority of the Brassica napus plants inoculated with bacterial isolates were able to translocate and degrade heavy metals like Cr. Therefore, it was concluded that these isolates are capable to grow in highly polluted environments.

Keywords: Silybum marianum; endophytes; antibacterial; Brassica; heavy metal (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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