Investigation of Strength and Microstructural Characteristics of Blended Cement-Admixed Clay with Bottom Ash

Chana Phutthananon, Niyawan Tippracha, Pornkasem Jongpradist (), Jukkrawut Tunsakul, Weerachart Tangchirapat and Pitthaya Jamsawang
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Chana Phutthananon: Construction Innovations and Future Infrastructures Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Niyawan Tippracha: Construction Innovations and Future Infrastructures Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Pornkasem Jongpradist: Construction Innovations and Future Infrastructures Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Jukkrawut Tunsakul: Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin, Wang Klai Kangwon Campus, Prachuap Khiri Khan 77110, Thailand
Weerachart Tangchirapat: Construction Innovations and Future Infrastructures Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
Pitthaya Jamsawang: Soil Engineering Research Center, Department of Civil Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-18

Abstract: This research presents an experimental study of the strength and microstructural characteristics of cement-bottom ash-admixed Bangkok clay, paying special attention to the efficiency of adding up the bottom ash (BA) of different finesses as a cementitious material and the role played by BA in enhancing the strength of the mixture. The obtained results were discussed with cemented clay mixed with other industrial ashes (i.e., fly ash and risk husk ash). The pozzolanic reaction and packing effect of BA on strength development were also discussed with tests of mixtures with insoluble material. The experimental study was performed through unconfined compression (UC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The obtained results demonstrate that the BA could be advantageously supplemented as cementitious material into the cement-admixed clay mixture to improve the strength characteristic. The finer particle size of BA could be beneficial for achieving a high strength due to the pozzolanic reaction and packing effects. By adding up a BA content of larger than 15% when the base cement content is not less than 20%, the strength of the mixture increased efficiently with the increasing BA content. Compared with fly ash of a similar grain size, the higher efficiency of BA is obtained when a BA content of greater than 15% is considered. Finally, the microstructure and changes in elemental composition/distribution were analyzed by TGA and SEM tests to explain the mechanism to improve the strength of cement–BA-admixed clay.

Keywords: industrial waste; bottom ash; cement-admixed clay; pozzolanic material; unconfined compressive strength; microstructure; equivalent cement content (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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