Analysis of Carbon Footprints and Surface Quality in Green Cutting Environments for the Milling of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy

Mohammad Kanan (), Sadaf Zahoor, Muhammad Salman Habib (), Sana Ehsan, Mudassar Rehman, Muhammad Shahzaib, Sajawal Ali Khan, Hassan Ali, Zaher Abusaq and Allam Hamdan
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Mohammad Kanan: Jeddah College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah 21448, Saudi Arabia
Sadaf Zahoor: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Muhammad Salman Habib: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Sana Ehsan: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Mudassar Rehman: Department of Industry Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Muhammad Shahzaib: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Sajawal Ali Khan: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Hassan Ali: Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Zaher Abusaq: Jeddah College of Engineering, University of Business and Technology, Jeddah 21448, Saudi Arabia
Allam Hamdan: Department of Accounting and Economics, College of Business and Finance, Ahlia University, Manama P.O. Box 10878, Bahrain

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-18

Abstract: This investigation delves into the effectiveness of employing vegetable-based cutting fluids and nanoparticles in milling AZ31 magnesium alloy, as part of the pursuit of ecologically sustainable manufacturing practices. The study scrutinizes three different cutting environments: (i) dry cutting; (ii) minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) with rice bran oil as the base oil and turmeric oil as an additive; and (iii) MQL with rice bran oil as the base oil, and turmeric oil and kaolinite nanoparticles as additives. Fuzzy logic was implemented to develop the design of experiments and assess the impact of these cutting environments on carbon emissions, surface quality, and microhardness. Upon conducting an analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was determined that all the three input parameters (cutting environment, cutting speed, and feed) greatly affect carbon emissions. The third cutting environment (MQL + bio-oils + kaolinite) generated the lowest carbon emissions (average of 9.21 ppm) and surface roughness value (0.3 um). Confirmatory tests validated that the output parameters predicted using the multiobjective genetic algorithm aligned well with experimental values, thus affirming the algorithm’s robustness.

Keywords: AZ31 magnesium alloy; vegetable oils; kaolinite nanoparticles; MQL; carbon emission; surface quality; genetic (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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