Homogeneous Photosensitized Oxidation for Water Reuse in Cellars: A Study of Different Photosensitizers

Andreia D. Santos (), Diana Gonçalves, Rui C. Martins, Marta Gmurek, Anabela Nogueira, Sérgio Castro-Silva, Luis M. Castro and Rosa Quinta-Ferreira
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Andreia D. Santos: CIEPQPF—Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima—Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
Diana Gonçalves: CIEPQPF—Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima—Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
Rui C. Martins: CIEPQPF—Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima—Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
Marta Gmurek: Department of Molecular Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
Anabela Nogueira: Adventech, Lda, Rua de Fundões, 151, 3700-121 São João da Madeira, Portugal
Sérgio Castro-Silva: Adventech, Lda, Rua de Fundões, 151, 3700-121 São João da Madeira, Portugal
Luis M. Castro: CIEPQPF—Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima—Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
Rosa Quinta-Ferreira: CIEPQPF—Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima—Polo II, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal

Sustainability, 2023, vol. 15, issue 8, 1-16

Abstract: The demand for fresh water is increasing daily, requiring industries to take action to reduce the need for fresh water. Winemaking industries represent a massive hydric impact by combining the water consumed and the high volume of wastewater produced. The sun-driven photooxidation process has been widely employed in removing wastewater pollutants. This work employed four photosensitizers, Rose Bengal, AlPcS 4 , ZnPcS 4 , and TPP, for water reuse in cellars. A secondary effluent has been investigated as a water matrix. Of all the photosensitizers (PS) employed, ZnPcS 4 showed better chemical oxygen demand (COD) (23%) and phenolic (TPh) (81%) removal. The effect of pH and concentration was also assessed for ZnPcS 4 . The phenolic content removal was found to be highly dependent on the solution’s pH, as alkaline solutions improve the singlet oxygen quantum yield where the use of a pH = 11 reached 42% and 81% of COD and TPH removal. However, a pH higher than 7 showed higher PS bleaching than pH = 7. Three different PS concentrations were evaluated: 3 × 10 −6 , 5 × 10 −6 , and 1 × 10 −5 mol/L. The optimal PS concentration was found to be 5 × 10 −6 mol/L.

Keywords: AOP; photooxidation; photosensitization; wastewater treatment; water reuse; winemaking (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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