Differences in Anthropogenic Impacts of Typical Mid- to High-Latitude Wetlands in the Heilongjiang Basin

Jinlong Liu, Xinyu Dou (), Lu Zhang (), Dong Liang, Qi Zhu, Zhuoran Lv, Yiming Liu and Xiaobing Du
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Jinlong Liu: Chongqing Geomatics and Remote Sensing Center, Chongqing 401147, China
Xinyu Dou: School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Lu Zhang: International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
Dong Liang: International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
Qi Zhu: International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
Zhuoran Lv: International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China
Yiming Liu: School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
Xiaobing Du: International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing 100094, China

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 20, 1-15

Abstract: Wetlands represent one of the three principal ecosystems and serve a vital function in the protection of water resources and the regulation of climate. However, wetlands are currently experiencing significant challenges, particularly in the agriculturally productive wetlands of the Heilongjiang River Basin, which have been considerably impacted by human activities. This study focuses on three representative wetlands situated within the Heilongjiang River Basin. This study analyses changes in wetland area and landscape patterns from 2002 to 2022, as well as the impact of agriculture and impervious surface expansion on the wetlands. The findings indicate that agricultural expansion is the primary driver of wetland area loss. The wetland area affected by agriculture demonstrates the most significant change, with the largest observed shift reaching 47.2%. The expansion of impervious surfaces was found to have a significant impact on wetland fragmentation, resulting in a notable decrease in wetland connectivity. This was evidenced by a reduction in the average patch size, which decreased by 14.68 ha over the decade from 2007 to 2017, a period during which impervious surfaces expanded. This paper identifies the distinctions in the influence of diverse human activities on wetland landscape patterns in the Heilongjiang Basin and employs natural samples for control, thereby attenuating the impact of the natural environment. This study offers a novel perspective on the processes of wetland change and the maintenance of wetland health, which is crucial for the realisation of clean water and sanitation (Sustainable Development Goal 6.6).

Keywords: wetland; human activities; landscape; SDG6.6 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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