Optimization of Productivity of Fodder Crops with Green Conveyor System in the Context of Climate Instability in the North Kazakhstan Region

Altyn Shayakhmetova, Aldiyar Bakirov (), Inna Savenkova, Beybit Nasiyev, Murat Akhmetov, Azamat Useinov, Akerke Temirbulatova, Nurbolat Zhanatalapov, Askhat Bekkaliyev, Fariza Mukanova and Mariya Auzhanova
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Altyn Shayakhmetova: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Aldiyar Bakirov: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Inna Savenkova: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Beybit Nasiyev: Institute of Agrotechnology, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University, Uralsk 090000, Kazakhstan
Murat Akhmetov: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Azamat Useinov: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Akerke Temirbulatova: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Nurbolat Zhanatalapov: Institute of Agrotechnology, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University, Uralsk 090000, Kazakhstan
Askhat Bekkaliyev: Institute of Agrotechnology, Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian-Technical University, Uralsk 090000, Kazakhstan
Fariza Mukanova: Agrotechnological Faculty, M. Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University, Petropavl 150000, Kazakhstan
Mariya Auzhanova: Department of Agriculture and Bioresources, Kokshetau Shoqan Ualikhanov University, Abay Street, 76, Kokshetau 020000, Kazakhstan

Sustainability, 2024, vol. 16, issue 20, 1-25

Abstract: One of the main challenges in modern animal husbandry in North Kazakhstan is ensuring an uninterrupted supply of sufficient fodder crops. This research, conducted from 2019 to 2023, aimed to develop strategies for cultivating environmentally sustainable fodder crops capable of providing a stable fodder crop base under the changing climatic conditions of the North Kazakhstan region. The studies included analysis of air temperature and precipitation data as well as monitoring of fodder grass mixtures within a green fodder conveyor system. Different sowing dates for fodder crops and mixtures were selected for the development of the conveyor system. The range of experimental variants included fodder crops and their mixtures from various botanical families. The experiment involved both perennial (alfalfa and festulolium ) and annual (corn, pea, sunflower, Sudan grass, oats, and rapeseed) crops. The highest green mass yields were achieved by the following variants: fodder crops of corn + pea—74.40 c/ha; mixtures of annual legume–grass crops in the pea + oats variant of the first sowing date—43.64 c/ha; Sudan grass + pea—45.72 c/ha; mixtures of perennial grasses in the second utilization term of alfalfa + festulolium —64.9 c/ha; and rapeseed sown at the first sowing date—46.61 c/ha. In terms of crude and digestible protein content, the best among the annual grass variants was the mixture of Sudan grass and pea (crude protein—33.59 g/kg, digestible protein—24.5 g/kg), and the best among the perennials was the variant of the first utilization term (crude protein—50.42 g/kg, digestible protein—38.2 g/kg). Regarding metabolizable energy content, the annual crop variant of corn + pea had a yield of 1.92 MJ/kg, and in the perennial variant, the mixture of alfalfa and festulolium in the first utilization term had a yield of 2.68 MJ/kg. Such an approach to creating green fodder conveyors can be crucial for developing effective strategies for adapting agriculture to climate change, including the selection of promising fodder crops and optimization of their placement. The results obtained can contribute to enhancing the productivity and sustainability of agricultural production in the North Kazakhstan region.

Keywords: climate change adaptation; green fodder conveyor; North Kazakhstan; regional crop selection; sustainable agriculture (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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