Methodology for Increasing Urban Greenery According to the 3-30-300 Concept: A Warsaw Case Study

Katarzyna Siok and Bartłomiej Wyrzykowski ()
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Katarzyna Siok: Institute of Geospatial Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
Bartłomiej Wyrzykowski: Institute of Geospatial Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 12, 1-24

Abstract: The article presents an innovative methodology supporting sustainable urban development through the strategic expansion of green infrastructure in Warsaw, based on the 3-30-300 concept. The proposed approach integrates a multi-criteria Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) with Geographic Information System (GIS) tools, enabling objective and precise identification of suitable locations for new parks of at least 1 hectare in size. The analysis considers five key factors: distance from populated areas, land cover and use, surface temperature, proximity to nuisance facilities, and an NDVI index value. The study results demonstrated a significant increase in green space accessibility across the city. In all districts of Warsaw, the number of residential buildings meeting the criterion of a maximum 300 m distance to a park or forest increased—from 2% in Rembertów to 32% in Wilanów. The districts of Ursynów and Wilanów exceeded the 30% green space coverage threshold, while Białołęka reached 29%. These results indicate the real potential to achieve the goals of the 3-30-300 concept, contributing simultaneously to sustainable urban development, improved quality of life, mitigation of the urban heat island effect, increased biodiversity, and enhanced climate change adaptation. Spatial limitations related to high-density development were also identified—many districts lack available space for large parks. A viable solution supporting balanced development may lie in implementing smaller green forms, such as green squares or micro-parks, particularly in areas of planned development. The proposed methodology serves as a practical tool to support land-use management and sustainable spatial planning, addressing contemporary environmental, social, and urban challenges.

Keywords: 3-30-300 concept; multi-criteria decision analysis; fuzzy-AHP; urban sustainable development; Warsaw green city (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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