Improving the Freight Transportation System in the Context of the Country’s Economic Development

Veslav Kuranovič, Leonas Ustinovichius, Maciej Nowak, Darius Bazaras and Edgar Sokolovskij ()
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Veslav Kuranovič: Department of Logistics and Transport Management, Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10105 Vilnius, Lithuania
Leonas Ustinovichius: Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
Maciej Nowak: Faculty of Informatics and Communication, University of Economics in Katowice, 40-287 Katowice, Poland
Darius Bazaras: Department of Logistics and Transport Management, Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10105 Vilnius, Lithuania
Edgar Sokolovskij: Department of Automobile Engineering, Faculty of Transport Engineering, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 10105 Vilnius, Lithuania

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-17

Abstract: Due to the recent significant increase in the scale of both domestic and international cargo transportation, the transport sector is becoming an important factor in the country’s economic development. This implies the need to improve all links in the cargo transportation chain. A key role in it is played by logistics centers, which in their activities must meet both state (CO 2 emissions, reduction in road load, increase in transportation safety, etc.) and commercial (cargo transportation in the shortest time and at the lowest cost) requirements. The objective of the paper is freight transportation from China to European countries, reflecting issues of CO 2 emissions, reduction in road load, and increase in transportation safety. Transport operations from the manufacturer to the logistics center are especially important in this chain, since the efficiency of transportation largely depends on the decisions made by its employees. They select the appropriate types of transport (air, sea, rail, and road transport) and routes for a specific situation. In methodology, the analyzed problem can be presented as a dynamic multi-criteria decision model. It is assumed that the decision-maker—the manager responsible for planning transportation operations—is interested in achieving three basic goals: financial goal minimizing total delivery costs from factories to the logistics center, environmental goal minimizing the negative impact of supply chain operations on the environment, and high level of customer service goal minimizing delivery times from factories to the logistics center. The proposed methodology allows one to reduce the total carbon dioxide emission by 1.1 percent and the average duration of cargo transportation by 1.47 percent. On the other hand, the total cost of their delivery increases by 1.25 percent. By combining these, it is possible to create optimal transportation options, effectively use vehicles, reduce air pollution, and increase the quality of customer service. All this would significantly contribute to the country’s socio-economic development. It is proposed to solve this complex problem based on a dynamic multi-criteria model. In this paper, the problem of constructing a schedule of transport operations from factories to a logistics center is considered. The analyzed problem can be presented as a dynamic multi-criteria decision model. Linear programming and the AHP method were used to solve it.

Keywords: transportation efficiency; multimodal transport; logistics centers; multi-criteria methods (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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