Capacity Optimization for Coordinated Operation of Hybrid Electrolytic Cells Based on Wavelet Packet

Yi Yang, Bowen Zhou (), Yang Xu, Juan Zhang, Bo Yang, Guiping Zhou and Shunjiang Wang
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Yi Yang: College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Bowen Zhou: College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Yang Xu: College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Juan Zhang: College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Bo Yang: College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Guiping Zhou: State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110006, China
Shunjiang Wang: State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110006, China

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 14, 1-22

Abstract: Hydrogen production through electrolysis of water can achieve efficient, stable and diversified utilization of renewable energy. To this end, a hybrid electrolyzer system for hydrogen production based on bi-layer optimization is constructed. Firstly, the wind and photovoltaic power is decomposed into high-frequency and low-frequency components by an adaptive wavelet packet. The low-frequency power is allocated to the alkaline electrolyzers (AWE) to ensure its stability, and the high-frequency power is allocated to the proton exchange membrane electrolyzers (PEM) with a faster response characteristic, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. This paper proposes a bi-layer optimization model, in which the upper-layer objective is to minimize the cost of mixed hydrogen production, and the lower-layer optimization objective is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy. The differential evolution algorithm optimizes the upper-layer objective, with results sent to the lower layer. Then, the YALMIP toolbox is used to solve the lower-layer objective. Through case analysis, the optimal proportion of AWE and PEM hydrogen electrolyzers obtained by this optimization method is 89.5 and 10.5, respectively. Compared with a single type of electrolyzer, the method proposed in this paper effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency and reduces the cost of hydrogen production.

Keywords: wavelet packet decomposition; hydrogen production from electrolytic water; AWE; PEM; capacity optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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