A SCOR-Based Two-Stage Network Range-Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis Approach for Evaluating Sustainable Supply Chain Efficiency: Evidence from the Korean Automotive Parts Industry

Sungmook Lim () and Yue Luo
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Sungmook Lim: Department of Business Administration, Dongguk Business School, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
Yue Luo: Department of Business Administration, Dongguk Business School, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea

Sustainability, 2025, vol. 17, issue 19, 1-23

Abstract: This study evaluates the economic dimension of sustainable supply chain efficiency among Korean automotive suppliers using an SCOR-aligned two-stage Network Range-Adjusted Measure (NRAM) Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. The framework separates performance into Stage 1 (internal operations: Plan/Source/Make/Deliver) and Stage 2 (external outcomes: sales and profitability), enabling stage-specific assessment of operational versus market-facing efficiency. Firm-level financial data for about 1200 suppliers annually from 2021 to 2024, spanning five sectors, were analyzed with descriptive statistics, visualizations, and non-parametric tests. Results show that Stage 1 efficiency was consistently high and stable, while Stage 2 efficiency was lower, more variable, and declined in 2022 and 2024, revealing vulnerability to systemic market disruptions. Overall efficiency mirrored Stage 2, underscoring the fact that downstream financial outcomes drive total performance. Rather than introducing a new methodology, the contribution of this study lies in applying an established two-stage NRAM DEA within an SCOR-aligned framework to a large-scale longitudinal dataset. This application provides sectoral and temporal benchmarks on a national scale, offering evidence-based insights into how structural interdependence and systemic shocks influence supply chain efficiency. While the scope is limited to the economic pillar of sustainability, the findings contribute contextualized benchmarks that can inform managerial practice and future research integrating environmental and social performance dimensions.

Keywords: network DEA; SCOR model; sustainable supply chain; automotive industry; two-stage efficiency; supply chain performance; range-adjusted measure of inefficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O13 Q Q0 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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