Complementarities in Infrastructure: Evidence from Indian Agriculture

Oliver Vanden Eynde () and Liam Wren-Lewis ()
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Oliver Vanden Eynde: PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CEPR
Liam Wren-Lewis: IC Migrations - Institut Convergences Migrations - French Collaborative Institute on Migration [Aubervilliers], PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement

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Abstract: Complementarities between infrastructure projects have been understudied. Using temporal variation in the independent rollout of large-scale road construction and electrification programs in rural India, this study estimates their individual and joint impacts on a range of outcomes. Notably, there is strong evidence that villages increase dry-season cropping when they receive both electricity and roads, but not when they receive one without the other. This increase in dry-season cropping is associated with a move towards market crops and improved economic conditions—i.e., higher assets and consumption. These findings have implications for the optimal implementation of infrastructure programs.

Keywords: Indian agriculture; Complementarities; Electrification; Roads; Infrastructure (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-11-24
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Published in World Bank Economic Review, 2025, ⟨10.1093/wber/lhaf035⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05653945

DOI: 10.1093/wber/lhaf035

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