Barriers to Entry for International Buyers in the U.S. Real Estate Market and Strategies for Market Accessibility

Valeriia Hordiienko
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Valeriia Hordiienko: Licensed Real Estate Salesperson, New York, USA

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Abstract: The U.S. real estate market is one of the most attractive destinations for international capital, yet it remains structurally inaccessible to a significant share of foreign buyers. This article investigates the multi-dimensional barriers, regulatory, financial, informational, procedural, and market-access, that impede participation of international buyers in the U.S. residential and commercial property market, and proposes evidence-based strategies to overcome these obstacles. The study employs a systematic literature review, comparative regulatory analysis, and case-study methodology grounded in data from the National Association of Realtors (NAR 2024–2025), the Real Estate Roundtable, and Congressional Research Service reports. The results demonstrate that regulatory instruments, chiefly the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act (FIRPTA), state-level ownership bans enacted in 2023–2024, and CFIUS reviews, act as the most structurally binding constraints, amplified by limited access to U.S.-based credit and deep information asymmetries. A five-stage strategic accessibility framework and a market-entry strategy matrix are proposed as original author contributions. The findings are of practical relevance to real estate professionals, international marketing specialists, policymakers, legal practitioners, and investors engaged in cross-border property transactions.

Keywords: cross-border transactions; proptech; real estate marketing; regulatory compliance; market accessibility; foreign investment; FIRPTA; barriers to entry; U.S. real estate; international buyers (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-06-20
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Published in Scientia. Technology, Science and Society, 2026, 3 (6), pp.190-201. ⟨10.59324/stss.2026.3(6).18⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05712704

DOI: 10.59324/stss.2026.3(6).18

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