Determinants of Crop Diversification among Small Family Farms: A Logit Model Analysis in the Province of Chtouka-Aït Baha (Morocco)

Déterminants de la diversification des cultures dans les petites exploitations agricoles familiales: une analyse par modèle Logit dans la province de Chtouka-Aït Baha (Maroc)

Abdelkarim Hssoune, Ahmed Amghar, Najib Bahmani () and Rachid El Aarji
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Abdelkarim Hssoune: Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]
Ahmed Amghar: Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]
Najib Bahmani: Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]
Rachid El Aarji: Université Ibn Zohr = Ibn Zohr University [Agadir]

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Abstract: This study investigates the determinants of crop diversification among small family farms in the province of Chtouka-Aït Baha, located in the Souss-Massa region of Morocco. Based on a field survey conducted between January and August 2022 among 296 farms, a binary crop diversification variable (DIVCULT) was constructed, distinguishing specialized farms (single crop) from diversified farms (two or more crops). The results show that 58.1% of the surveyed farms practice crop diversification. A statistically significant binary Logit model (χ² = 96.808; p < 0.001), with a good fit to the data (Hosmer–Lemeshow test: p = 0.091; Nagelkerke R² = 0.376), was used to identify the main determinants of this practice. The age of the farm head and agricultural income have a significant negative effect on crop diversification, whereas education level, household size, cultivated area, non-agricultural income, and geographical location have positive effects. However, the latter exhibits a statistically significant individual effect only for the commune of Inchaden compared with Sidi Ouassay. These findings highlight the crucial role of human capital, cultivated land area, and family labor availability in shaping crop diversification strategies among small family farms. They also emphasize the need to strengthen public policies aimed at improving agricultural education, enhancing access to productive resources, and supporting income diversification in order to promote more resilient and sustainable farming systems.

Keywords: crop diversification; Chtouka-Aït Baha; Logit model; small family farms; Morocco; modèle Logit; petites exploitations agricoles familiales; Maroc; diversification des cultures (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-08-11
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-05755346v1
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Published in International Journal of Research in Economics and Finance, 2026, 3 (8-1), pp.219 - 241. ⟨10.71420/ijref.v3i8-1.379⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05755346

DOI: 10.71420/ijref.v3i8-1.379

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