Cooperation between national armies: Evidence from the Sahel borders

Marion Richard and Oliver Vanden Eynde ()
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Marion Richard: NOVA SBE - NOVA - School of Business and Economics - NOVA - Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon, NOVAFRICA, UCLouvain - Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain
Oliver Vanden Eynde: PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris, CEPR - Center for Economic Policy Research

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Abstract: The effectiveness of security operations often depends on cooperation between national armies. Such cooperation can be particularly important when international borders are porous and armed groups can operate across borders. We investigate how the creation of an international armed force that could operate across international borders (the G5-Sahel Joint Force) together with improved communication between national armies affected conflict dynamics in the Sahel region. Relying on a regression discontinuity design, we find that the G5 mission lowered the intensity of conflict locally in its zone of operation, especially along border segments more porous due to their geographical features or ethnic composition. Further analysis of geographical conflict propagation patterns indicates that the G5-Sahel force facilitated security operations in border areas.

Date: 2026-04
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Published in Journal of Development Economics, 2026, 181, ⟨10.1016/j.jdeveco.2026.103726⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-05661421

DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2026.103726

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