Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where

Gabriel Baratte, Lionel Fontagné and Raphaël Lafrogne-Joussier
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Gabriel Baratte: ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris
Raphaël Lafrogne-Joussier: INSEE - Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE)

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Abstract: In an ever-evolving business environment, firms are differently exposed to shocks and may or may not bear the costs of reorganizing their value chain by reshoring or offshoring. This paper studies the prevalence and modalities of such reorganizations, based on a survey of French firms on the decision to reorganize part of their value chain between January 2018 and December 2020. Such decisions turn out to be rare, carried out by firms with a higher share of skilled workers, in manufacturing rather than in services, and dominated by multinational firms. Although high-skilled firms reorganize more, the reorganized business functions are less skill-intensive and more intensive in routine tasks. Activities that are more intangibles-intensive are more likely to be reorganized within the firm. Finally, apart from reshoring in France, activities that are offshored are located close to France. India, which combines low average wages with a large pool of highly skilled labor, receives a disproportionate share of skill-intensive activities.

Date: 2025-09
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Published in Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2025, 237, ⟨10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107155⟩

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Related works:
Journal Article: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2025)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2025)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2025)
Working Paper: Reorganizing Global Supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2024)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How and Where (2024)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2024)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How and Where (2024)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How, and Where (2024)
Working Paper: Reorganizing global supply-chains: Who, What, How and Where (2024)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:pseptp:halshs-05368363

DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107155

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