Le rôle de l'Etat dans l'économie russe. Du passé au présent, pour quel futur ?

Jacques Fontanel ()
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Jacques Fontanel: CESICE - Centre d'études sur la sécurité internationale et les coopérations européennes - UPMF - Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 - IEPG - Sciences Po Grenoble - Institut d'études politiques de Grenoble

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Abstract: With the collapse of the USSR, the crisis of the Russian economy worsened. In the history of Russia, the state has always had a decisive influence on national economic factors. The USSR aggravated this situation by developing a militarized society with a low potential for civilian production. The shock therapy hired by Gaidar has led to brutal reforms, such as the price to pay to follow the path of democracy and the market. This policy has been criticized for its social violence. The double transition has also not received substantial support from international bodies. At the beginning of the 21st century, markets are dysfunctional and public goods are poorly and unequally distributed. Great uncertainties remain about the future of this "Russian capitalism", which allows a new "nomenclatura" to appropriate national monopolies at little cost. The state does not sufficiently fulfill its role of justice and legislator, and prevarication is gradually established. However, the state is now developing programs to gradually improve the economic and social situation. Several international experts have proposed strong actions to initiate a new economic development, but the Russian economy is in a unique situation in history, and the remedies of some are not always the remedies adapted to others.

Keywords: USSR; shock therapy; Russian capitalism; Economy in transition; military conversion; Role of the State; Market; URSS; Russia; thérapie de choc; capitalism russe; Economie en transition; conversion militaire; Rôle de l’Etat; Marché; Gaidar (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2002
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/hal-02385486v1
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Published in [Rapport de recherche] RECEP, Moscou, Espace Europe, Université Pierre Mendes France de Grenoble. 2002

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