Gender Equality and Carbon Inequality: Do Social Ideologies Matter?

Haotian Zhang (), Tooraj Jamasb, Rabindra Nepal and Kangyin Dong ()
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Haotian Zhang: Lingnan College, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

No 11-2025, Working Papers from Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics

Abstract: Gender equality and carbon inequality are interrelated and pervasive. However, there is limited evidence on the presence and nature of the causality relationships between gender equality and carbon inequality in the literature. This paper examines how gender equality affects carbon inequality and the underlying mechanisms using a theoretical model analysis with a novel perspective and panel data from 153 countries for the period 2006–2019. We find that gender equality mitigates carbon inequality by alleviating wealth and income disparities with democratization and anti-corruption efforts amplifying its impact. The reduction in carbon inequality and economic inequality stems mainly from the decrease in carbon emissions and the economic share of the wealthy. The benefits of gender equality for the poor are relatively small, while democratization and anti-corruption and efforts strengthen its positive effects on disadvantaged groups.

Keywords: Gender equality; Carbon inequality; Democratization; Corruption; Wealth inequality; Income inequality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C23 F35 O13 P28 Q55 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 76 pages
Date: 2025-12-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-env and nep-gen
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