Older Worker Engagement in the 21st Century as Measured by EENDEED: Who, What, and Why!

Phillip M. Randall, Susan Saurage-Altenloh, Tywanda D. Tate and Franklin M. Lartey

International Business Research, 2025, vol. 18, issue 6, 83

Abstract: In the evolving landscape of the US workforce, the participation of older adults has garnered increasing attention. While much research has highlighted the engagement of individuals aged 50 and above, a significant gap remains in the literature regarding the engagement of those aged 65 and above. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating the extent of engagement and the factors that drive engagement among individuals aged 65 and above. Advances in healthcare, shifts in retirement policies, and a desire for continued contribution and engagement play crucial roles in this trend. By examining employment patterns, motivations, and the unique challenges this age group faces, the study aims to highlight the significant yet often overlooked impact of this age group on the modern workplace. The research utilizes the EENDEED measurement instrument to assess engagement levels and explores the theoretical frameworks of self-determination, self-efficacy, and social exchange. The findings reveal that income and gender significantly contribute to engagement levels, while education and years of experience have a limited impact. The study emphasizes the importance of recognizing and leveraging the strengths of older workers to create a more inclusive and productive work environment.

Date: 2025
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