Food Intake Behavior and Chronotype of Japanese Nurses Working Irregular Shifts

Shunsuke Nagashima, Eiko Masutani and Tomoko Wakamura

International Journal of Psychological Studies, 2014, vol. 6, issue 2, 107

Abstract: Shift work is the popular working pattern in many fields in industrialized nations. However, the shift workerdoes not pay much attention to his (her) own health. It is known that shift work has strong associations withvarious diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between food intake and chronotype inJapanese nurses working an irregular rotation of shifts. This questionnaire-based study used a cross-sectionaldesign. Participants were nurses working in several hospitals, data from 159 respondents being analyzed. Thequestionnaire covered demographics, the Diurnal Type Scale (DTS) and a Food Intake Questionnaire (FIQ). TheDTS scores were classified into three chronotype groups- modified Morning-type (M-type), modifiedEvening-type (E-type) and modified Intermediate-type (I-type). For food intake behavior, meal habits of theM-types were compared with the E-types before / after day- and night-work. In the morning, just after thenight-shift, the M-types chose cold food more frequently (p = .016) and felt less satiated after the meal (p = .016)than the E-types. Furthermore, the E-types chose significantly larger meals (p = .023) than the M-types, theM-types snacking more frequently. Chronotype was associated with the food intake behavior both in day- andnight-shift. These results suggest that the Morning-type person suffered more inconvenience with regard to foodintake behavior during night-work.

Date: 2014
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