Classification of Pneumonia, Tuberculosis and Covid-19 from Chest X-Ray Images Using Convolution Neural Network Model

Kiche J, Ivivi Mwaniki, Idah Orowe and Patrick Weke

International Journal of Statistics and Probability, 2025, vol. 13, issue 4, 42

Abstract: Accurate and timely diagnosis of respiratory ailments like pneumonia, tuberculosis (TB), and COVID-19 is pivotal for effective patient care and public health interventions. Deep learning algorithms have emerged as potent tools in medical image classification, offering promise for automated diagnosis and screening. This study presents a deep learning-based approach for categorizing chest X-ray images into three classes- pneumonia, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. Utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as the primary architecture, owing to their ability to automatically extract relevant features from raw image data. The proposed model is trained on a sizable dataset of chest X-ray images annotated with ground truth labels for pneumonia, TB, and COVID-19. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the model's performance in terms of classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC). Furthermore, we compare the performance of our deep learning model with traditional machine learning approaches and assess its generalization ability on an independent test set. Our findings demonstrate that the proposed deep learning model achieves high accuracy in classifying chest X-ray images of pneumonia, TB, and COVID-19, outperforming traditional methods and showing potential for clinical deployment as a screening tool, especially in resource-limited settings.

Date: 2025
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