Inequality Persistence and Policymaking Constraints: Explaining Regional Data Patterns

Razvan Vlaicu

No 13546, IDB Publications (Working Papers) from Inter-American Development Bank

Abstract: In well-functioning democracies, the policymaking process should in principle respond to persistent economic inequality with corrective policies. This process is set in motion through majority demands for redistributive taxation and spending that elected representatives eventually supply through policies designed to alleviate inequality. Policymaking constraints on both the demand side and the supply side have, however, considerably limited the extent of redistributive policies in Latin America. This paper explores recent data patterns from national and micro data to provide several potential explanations for the continuing high inequality observed in the region. Countries with stronger democracies have adopted more redistributive policies, even though post-tax inequality remains high in all of the region's democracies. Low citizen interpersonal and political trust both lead to fiscal policy preferences that constrain effective redistribution. Electoral participation has risen in the more democratic countries, while economically motivated protests have increased in weakly institutionalized settings.

Keywords: policymaking; redistribution; Inequality; Trust; protests; Latin America (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D63 D72 H20 H41 O10 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024-05
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:idb:brikps:13546

DOI: 10.18235/0012973

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