How lighthouse companies are pioneering Indonesia's Industry 4.0 and 5.0 revolution? A soft system methodology approach

Totok Kurniawan, Gatot Yudoko and Yuanita Handayati

International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 2026, vol. 53, issue 5, 1-38

Abstract: As industries transition toward Industry 5.0, organisations face challenges in balancing automation and digitalisation with human-centric and sustainable principles. Existing Industry 4.0 readiness frameworks primarily emphasise technological adoption while overlooking the role of operational excellence in facilitating structured transformation. This study develops a comprehensive transformation model integrating Soft System Methodology with the INDI 4.0 framework. The proposed model introduces a novel approach by embedding waste elimination, defect reduction, autonomous processes, and total productive maintenance as foundational enablers. This framework establishes a structured sequence for implementation, ensuring that operational excellence serves as a prerequisite for sustainable and adaptive digitalisation. The study highlights the interplay between management commitment, workforce adaptability, and digital integration, offering a pathway toward Industry 5.0. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and industry leaders in emerging economies, demonstrating how operational efficiency and human capability development can drive sustainable and socially responsible industrial ecosystems.

Keywords: Industry 5.0; Industry 4.0; operational excellence; soft system methodology; INDI 4.0; Lean Six Sigma; LSS; readiness model; maturity model; digitalisation; sustainability; human-centric; resilience. (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.inderscience.com/link.php?id=151635 (text/html)
Open Access

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ids:ijsoma:v:53:y:2026:i:5:p:1-38

Access Statistics for this article

More articles in International Journal of Services and Operations Management from Inderscience Enterprises Ltd
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sarah Parker ().