Income and price elasticities of Macedonian export and import of goods – a panel approach

Dijana Janevska Stefanova () and Magdalena Petrovska ()
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Dijana Janevska Stefanova: National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia
Magdalena Petrovska: National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia

No 2020-02, Working Papers from National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia

Abstract: This paper uses a sectoral version of conventional Imperfect substitutes model to motivate a parsimonious estimation of trade elasticities. The elasticities we compute depend directly on the specialization of trade across sectors, which is believed to add econometric precision to our estimates. On the other hand, estimates of income and price elasticities in the existing literature dealing with the case of North Macedonia are typically obtained from aggregate data, which tend to mitigate the importance of sectoral specialization. The basic assumption of the Imperfect substitutes model is that neither imports nor exports serve as perfect substitutes for domestic goods. Moreover, our import and export functions along with the income and price variables, consider some additional parameters as well, such as foreign direct investments and tariffs on imports. To this end, we were able to obtain theory-implied estimates of import and export income and price elasticities for North Macedonia – i.e. trade elasticities relevant to policy - and ultimately to calibration choices. The income and price elasticity coefficients, both in the import and in the export model, have the expected signs - increases in income positively affect exports and imports while increases in prices lower them. Judging by the size of the coefficients, income effects appear to be much more substantial than price effects.

Keywords: income and price elasticities; imperfect substitutes model; trade; dynamic panel estimators; two-step Difference GMM; North Macedonia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: F12 F14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 21
Date: 2020
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-int
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