Migration and Integration: Austrian and California Experiences with Low-Skilled Migrants

Gudrun Biffl and Philip L. Martin
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Gudrun Biffl: Emeritus Professor, Donau-Universitat Krems, Austria
Philip L. Martin: University of California, Davis, United States

Border Crossing, 2018, vol. 8, issue 1, 30-39

Abstract: This paper examines migrant-integration policies and outcomes in Austria and California, with a special focus on recently arrived low-skilled migrants. Unlike native-born workers, who form a broad diamond shape when arrayed by their level of education to reflect the large share who have completed secondary school but did not earn university degrees, foreign-born workers have more of an hourglass or barbell shape, including some who have more than a first university degree and many who have not completed secondary school. Austria promotes a stepwise approach to the labor market integration of recently arrived refugees, viz, language and skills training before employment, under the theory that investing in people first will raise their long-run earnings. California expects newly arrived migrants to use family and social networks to find jobs and housing to support themselves without government assistance.

Keywords: Low-skilled migrants; Austria and California; refugees; integration policy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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