Non-canonical signalling mediates changes in fungal cell wall PAMPs that drive immune evasion

Arnab Pradhan, Gabriela M. Avelar, Judith M. Bain, Delma Childers, Chloe Pelletier, Daniel E. Larcombe, Elena Shekhova, Mihai G. Netea, Gordon D. Brown, Lars Erwig, Neil A. R. Gow and Alistair J. P. Brown ()
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Arnab Pradhan: Institute of Medical Sciences
Gabriela M. Avelar: Institute of Medical Sciences
Judith M. Bain: Institute of Medical Sciences
Delma Childers: Institute of Medical Sciences
Chloe Pelletier: Institute of Medical Sciences
Daniel E. Larcombe: Institute of Medical Sciences
Elena Shekhova: Institute of Medical Sciences
Mihai G. Netea: Radboud University Medical Center
Gordon D. Brown: Institute of Medical Sciences
Lars Erwig: Institute of Medical Sciences
Neil A. R. Gow: Institute of Medical Sciences
Alistair J. P. Brown: Institute of Medical Sciences

Nature Communications, 2019, vol. 10, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract To colonise their host, pathogens must counter local environmental and immunological challenges. Here, we reveal that the fungal pathogen Candida albicans exploits diverse host-associated signals to promote immune evasion by masking of a major pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP), β-glucan. Certain nutrients, stresses and antifungal drugs trigger β-glucan masking, whereas other inputs, such as nitrogen sources and quorum sensing molecules, exert limited effects on this PAMP. In particular, iron limitation triggers substantial changes in the cell wall that reduce β-glucan exposure. This correlates with reduced phagocytosis by macrophages and attenuated cytokine responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Iron limitation-induced β-glucan masking depends on parallel signalling via the iron transceptor Ftr1 and the iron-responsive transcription factor Sef1, and the protein kinase A pathway. Our data reveal that C. albicans exploits a diverse range of specific host signals to trigger protective anticipatory responses against impending phagocytic attack and promote host colonisation.

Date: 2019
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13298-9

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